破解新型纤维可纺性差的途径
2020-07-07 11:11:47   来源：   评论：0 点击：

 
摘要：为了提高新型纤维设计及投产效率，介绍多种主流新型纤维的性能，从纤维比电阻、静电电位序列、表面形态与截面形状、导电性、温湿度以及非纶类化纤的可纺性等方面，分析摩擦静电影响纤维顺畅运行的机理及影响新型纤维静电、非静电的主要因素；根据纤维物理、化学性质将其归类，将有规律的加工方法建立成实用主模板，创建与主模板对接的次模板以分解不同类型纤维可纺性级别；从总原则、问题要点、控制静电产生3方面详细论述提高新型纤维可纺性的途径。指出：多数新型纤维可纺性不佳、生产效率偏低，主要原因是纤维摩擦静电作用强、纤维抱合力差；影响纤维静电的因素较多，应对纤维归类、探索有规律的加工方法并建立实用模板，为持续改进生产工艺提供参考；提高纤维可纺性的总原则是以解决纤维加工过程中减少搓转、缠绕、断头、难转移等问题为前提，解决新型纤维可纺性问题应着眼于原料采购、工艺优选并做好预案。
关键词：新型纤维；可纺性；差别化；模板；比电阻；抗静电；抱合力；高模量
中图分类号：TS102    文献标志码：A    文章编号：1001-9634(2020)02-0056-06
 
收稿日期：2019-07-02
作者简介：缪定蜀(1948—)，男，南京人, 高级工程师，主要从事纺纱工艺、设备、新产品等方面的研究。
   
Abstract:In order to improve the design and production efficiency of new fibers,the performance of many mainstream new fibers are introduced,the mechanism of friction static affecting smooth operation of fibers and factors affecting static and non-static of new fibers are analyzed from the aspects of fiber specific resistance,electrostatic potential sequence,surface morphology and section shape,conductivity,temperature and humidity,and spinnability of chemical fiber which is not polyester,nylon,spandex,terylene,polypropylene, vinylon and acrylic.According to the physical and chemical properties of the fibers,the new fibers are classified,and the regular processing method is established as a practical main template,create a secondary template docking with the main template to decompose the spinnability levels of different types of fibers.The ways to increasing spinnability of new fibers are described in detail from three aspects of general principles,problem points,and control the generation of static electricity.It is pointed out that the spinnability and production efficiency of most new fibers are poor,mainly because of the strong effect of fiber friction and static electricity and the poor fiber cohesion.There are so many factors influencing the static electricity of fiber,so it is necessary to classify fiber,explore regular processing methods and establish practical templates,which can provide reference for continuous improvement of production process.The general principle of improving the spinnability of fibers is to solve the problems of reducing rolling,winding, breaking and difficult to transfer in fiber processing,and to solve the spinnability of new fibers should focus on raw material procurement,process optimization and make a good plan.
Key Words:new fiber;spinnability；differentiation；template；specific resistance;antistatic;cohesion;high modulus
 
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