纺纱方法的分析与创新
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为推动纺纱方法的进步,介绍各种纺纱方法的技术工艺发展,对比走锭纺、环锭纺、静电纺、摩擦纺、转杯纺和喷气涡流纺的优缺点,探讨纺纱原理与发展阻力;通过分析纺纱流程中纤维流的运
徐惠君1,史倩倩2,汪军1,2,3
(1.中国纺织工程学会 新型纺纱专业委员会;2.东华大学 纺织学院;3.东华大学 纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室:上海201620)
 
摘要:为推动纺纱方法的进步,介绍各种纺纱方法的技术工艺发展,对比走锭纺、环锭纺、静电纺、摩擦纺、转杯纺和喷气涡流纺的优缺点,探讨纺纱原理与发展阻力;通过分析纺纱流程中纤维流的运动及其规律,提出一种创新的纺纱方法——化纤断裂纺,并介绍其喂入量的计算、断裂方法和优势。指出:现行的各种纺纱方法都存在一定的局限性,且纺纱流程繁复冗长;化纤断裂纺是将化纤断裂成一定长度的短化纤直接输送至纺纱加捻器,从而加捻成纱的一种创新的纺纱方法,具有工艺流程简便、纤维均匀伸直性佳、混合效果好等优点,值得深入研究开发。
关键词:纺纱方法;环锭纺;静电纺;摩擦纺;转杯纺;喷气涡流纺;加捻;变细;纤维流;化纤断裂纺;喂入量
中图分类号:TS104.7    文献标志码:A    文章编号:1001-9634(2019)06-0051-04
 
收稿日期:2019-04-25
作者简介:徐惠君(1940—),男,上海人,教授级高工,主要从事转杯纺纱、新型纺纱方面的研究。
 
Analysis and Innovation of Spinning Methods
XU Huijun1,SHI Qianqian2,WANG Jun1,2,3
(1.New Spinning Committee of China Textile Engineering Society;2.College of Textiles Donghua University;3.Key Laboratory of Textile Fabric Technology Ministry of Education Donghua University:Shanghai 201620,China)
 
Abstract:In order to promote the progress of spinning methods,the technological development of various spinning methods are introduced.The advantages and disadvantages of mule spinning,ring spinning,electrostatic spinning,friction spinning,rotor spinning and air-jet vortex spinning are compared,and the spinning principle and development obstruction are discussed.An innovative spinning method is proposed by analyzing the motion and the law of fiber flow in spinning process,which is named break spinning of chemical fiber,and the calculation of feed quantity,breaking method and advantages are introduced.It is pointed out that the existing spinning methods have certain limitations,and the spinning process is complicated and lengthy.The break spinning of chemical fiber is an innovative spinning method,which breaks the chemical fiber into short chemical fiber of a certain length and directly conveys the fiber to the spinning twister,thus twisted to yarn.The breaking spinning of chemical fiber has the advantages of simple process,good uniformity and straightness of fiber,and good mixing effect,which is deserving in-depth development and research.
Key Words:spinning method;ring spinning;electrostatic spinning;friction spinning; rotor spinning;air-jet vortex spinning;twisting;thinning;fiber flow;break spinning of chemical fiber;feed quantity
 
参考文献:
[1] 章友鹤,赵连英.环锭细纱机的技术进步与创新[J].纺织导报,2015(1):52-57.
[2] 李莉.简析新型纺纱工艺技术与设备的发展[J].中国科技纵横,2015(13):89-90.
[3] 徐惠君.我国新型纺纱的今天、昨天和明天[C]//第十七届全国新型纺纱学术会论文集.北京:中国纺织工程学会,2014:8-15.
[4] 夏治刚,徐卫林,叶汶祥.短纤维纺纱技术的发展概述及关键特征解析[J].纺织学报,2013,34(6):147-154.
[5] 上海纺织控股(集团)公司,《棉纺手册》(第三版)编委会.棉纺手册[M].3版,北京:中国纺织出版社,2006.
[6] 徐惠君,张志,粟宝华,等.转杯纺纱纤维流运动及纺纱不匀性的技术分析[J].现代纺织技术,2013,21(2):5-11.
 

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