机采棉纺纱清梳工艺与设备优选
2025-04-10 16:49:04   来源：   评论：0 点击：

 

谢家祥
(夏津县润通纺织有限公司，山东 夏津253200)

摘要：为提高机采棉的纺纱质量，阐述棉纤维物理指标与纱线质量的相关性及影响显著性、检测方法及选用原则，分析清理工序开棉机的工艺选择、清棉机不同型式打手和打击方式下纤维质量指标及成纱指标，对梳棉工序的梳理质量评定指标、梳理区工艺要点以及针布齿形选择及磨损失效机理等进行剖析。认为：原棉质量是纱线质量的决定性因素，需掌握选配原则、合理选用棉纤维检测方法，严格把控原棉质量；清梳工艺应依据原料性能设计，重视开松度的提高以及棉结和短绒的控制，设置合理的梳理隔距、锡林与刺辊线速比，同时选择适合的针布齿形以及更换周期；做好原棉、清理和梳理工艺的协同，重视设备、器材等的使用维护，能有效提升梳理质量和效率。

关键词：机采棉；清理；梳理；针布；隔距；棉结；短绒；齿形

中图分类号：TS103.11⁺1；TS103.11⁺2       文献标志码：B        文章编号：1001-9634(2025)02-0023-09
 

 

XIE Jiaxiang
(Xiajin Runtong Textile Co.，Ltd.，Xiajin 253200，China)

 

Abstract:In order to improve the spinning quality of machine-picked cotton，the correlation and the significance of the impact，the detection methods and selection principles of the physical indexes of cotton fiber and yarn quality are expounded.The process selection of cotton opener，and fiber quality indexes and yarn indexes under different types of beater and beating methods of cotton cleaner in cleaning process are analyzed.The evaluation index of carding quality，the process points of carding area，the selection of tooth profile and the mechanism of wear failure of card clothing,and so on in carding process are analyzed.It is concluded that the quality of raw cotton is the decisive factor of yarn quality，so it is necessary to master the selection principle，rationally select the cotton fiber testing method，and strictly control the quality of raw cotton.The blowing and carding process should be designed according to the properties of raw materials，and we should pay attention to the improvement of the opening degree，the control of neps and short fiber，set a reasonable carding gauge and cylinder taker-n linear velocity ratio，and select a suitable tooth profile and replacement cycle of card clothing.Doing a good job of raw cotton，cleaning and carding process coordination，paying attention to the use and maintenance of equipment and accessories，etc.，can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of carding.